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Plant Physiol, December 1999, Vol. 121, pp. 1127-1141
Stop-and-Go Movements of Plant Golgi Stacks Are Mediated by
the Acto-Myosin System1
Andreas
Nebenführ,*
Larry A.
Gallagher,
Terri G.
Dunahay,
Jennifer A.
Frohlick,
Anna M.
Mazurkiewicz,
Janet B.
Meehl, and
L.
Andrew
Staehelin
Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of
Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0347
The Golgi apparatus in plant cells
consists of a large number of independent Golgi stack/trans-Golgi
network/Golgi matrix units that appear to be randomly distributed
throughout the cytoplasm. To study the dynamic behavior of these Golgi
units in living plant cells, we have cloned a cDNA from soybean
(Glycine max), GmMan1, encoding the
resident Golgi protein -1,2 mannosidase I. The predicted protein of
approximately 65 kD shows similarity of general structure and sequence
(45% identity) to class I animal and fungal -1,2 mannosidases.
Expression of a GmMan1::green fluorescent protein fusion
construct in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum)
Bright Yellow 2 suspension-cultured cells revealed the
presence of several hundred to thousands of fluorescent spots.
Immuno-electron microscopy demonstrates that these spots correspond to
individual Golgi stacks and that the fusion protein is largely confined
to the cis-side of the stacks. In living cells, the stacks carry out
stop-and-go movements, oscillating rapidly between directed movement
and random "wiggling." Directed movement (maximal velocity 4.2 µm/s) is related to cytoplasmic streaming, occurs along straight
trajectories, and is dependent upon intact actin microfilaments and
myosin motors, since treatment with cytochalasin D or butanedione
monoxime blocks the streaming motion. In contrast,
microtubule-disrupting drugs appear to have a small but reproducible
stimulatory effect on streaming behavior. We present a model that
postulates that the stop-and-go motion of Golgi-trans-Golgi network
units is regulated by "stop signals" produced by endoplasmic
reticulum export sites and locally expanding cell wall domains to
optimize endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi and Golgi to cell wall trafficking.
1
This work was supported by the National
Institutes of Health (grant no. GM18639) to L.A.S.
*
Corresponding author; e-mail andreas.nebenfuehr{at}colorado.edu;
fax 303-492-7744.
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists
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