Plant Physiology 95:88-96 (1991)
© 1991 American Society of Plant Biologists
Environmental and Stress Physiology
Cultured Ovules as Models for Cotton Fiber Development under Low Temperatures 1
Candace H. Haigler,
Nunna Rama Rao,
Eric M. Roberts,
Ji-Ying Huang,
Dan R. Upchurch and
Norma L. Trolinder
Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409,
U.S. Department of Agriculture Plant Stress and Water Conservation Research Unit, Route 3, Box 215, Lubbock, Texas 79401
Cotton fibers (Gossypium hirsutum L.) developing in vitro responded to cyclic temperature change similarly to those of field-grown plants under diumal temperature fluctuations. Absolute temperatures and rates of temperature change were similar under both conditions. In vitro fibers exhibited a "growth ring" for each time the temperature cycled to 22 or 15°C. Rings were rarely detected when the low point was 28°C. The rings seemed to correspond to alternating regions of high and low cellulose accumulation. Fibers developed in vitro under 34°C/22°C cycling developed similarly to constant 34°C controls, but 34°C/22°C and 34°C/15°C cycling caused delayed onset and prolonged periods of elongation and secondary wall thickening. Control fiber length and weight were finally achieved under 34°C/22°C cycling, but both parameters were reduced at the end of the experiment under 34°C/15°C cycling. Fibers developed under all conditions had equal bundle tensile strength. These results demonstrate that: (a) cool temperature effects on fiber development are at least partly fiber/ovule-specific events; they do not depend on whole-plant physiology; and (b) cultured ovules are valid models for research on the regulation of the field cool temperature response.
1 This paper is dedicated to the memory of Dr. Jack R. Gipson, Associate Professor of Agronomy, Horticulture, and Entomology at Texas Tech University, whose research on field-grown plants provided much of the foundation for this work and who died tragically in the summer of 1989. This research was supported by grants from Cotton Incorporated and the Texas Advanced Technology Program.
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