Plant Physiology 75:596-604 (1984)
© 1984 American Society of Plant Biologists
Articles
Pea Xyloglucan and Cellulose 1
I. Macromolecular Organization
Takahisa Hayashi2 and
Gordon Maclachlan
Department of Biology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1
A macromolecular complex composed of xyloglucan and cellulose was obtained from elongating regions of etiolated pea (Pisum sativum L. var. Alaska) stems. Xyloglucan could be solubilized by extraction of this complex with 24% KOH-0.1% NaBH4 or by extended treatment with endo-1,4- -glucanase. The polysaccharide was homogeneous by ultracentrifugal analysis and gel filtration on Sepharose CL-6B, molecular weight 330,000. The structure of pea xyloglucan was examined by fragmentation analysis of enzymic hydrolysates, methylation analysis, and precipitation tests with fucose- or galactose-binding lectins. The polysaccharide was composed of equal amounts of two subunits, a nonasaccharide (glucose/xylose/galactose/fucose, 4:3:1:1) and a heptasaccharide (glucose/xylose, 4:3), which appeared to be distributed at random, but primarily in alternating sequence. The xyloglucan:cellulose complex was examined by light microscopy using iodine staining, by radioautography after labeling with [3H]fucose, by fluorescence microscopy using a fluorescein-lectin (fucose-binding) as probe, and by electron microscopy after shadowing. The techniques all demonstrated that the macromolecule was present in files of cell shapes, referred to here as cell-wall `ghosts,' in which xyloglucan was localized both on and between the cellulose microfibrils. Since the average chain length of pea xyloglucan was many times the diameter of cellulose microfibrils, it could introduce cross-links by binding to adjacent fibrils and thereby contribute rigidity to the wall.
2 Current address: ARCO Plant Cell Research Institute, Dublin CA 94566.
1 Supported by grants from the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada and le Programme des Formation de Chercheurs et d'Action Concertee du Quebec.
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