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Regulation of Cytoplasmic and Vacuolar pH in Maize Root Tips under Different Experimental Conditions ¹

Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, Stanford Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305

³¹P-Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of perfused maize (Zea mays L., hybrid WW x Br 38) root tips, obtained at 10-minute intervals over 12 hours or longer, indicate that no cytoplasmic or vacuolar pH changes occur in these cells in the presence of 25 millimolar K₂SO₄, which induces extrusion of 4 to 5 microequivalents H⁺ per gram per hour. In contrast, hypoxia causes cytoplasmic acidification (0.3-0.6 pH unit) without a detectable change in vacuolar pH. The cytoplasm quickly returns to its original pH on reoxygenation. Dilute NH₄OH increases the vacuolar pH more than it does the cytoplasmic pH; after NH₄OH is removed, the vacuole recovers its original pH more slowly than does the cytoplasm. The results indicate that regulation of cytoplasmic pH and that of vacuolar pH in plant cells are separate processes.

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