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Articles

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Assay for Ozone Injury in Intact Plants ¹

William Vidaver

Victor C. Runeckles and Peter Rosen

Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution of Washington, Stanford, California 94305, Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, B. C., Canada V5A 1S6, Department of Plant Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C. Canada V6T 1W5

A chlorophyll fluorescence induction (Kautsky effect) assay predicted ozone-induced injury in bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris) at least 20 hours before any visible sign of leaf necrosis. The extent of injury, which could be predicted during exposure to ozone, depended on concentration, exposure time, and leaf development stage. Much more injury occurred in light than in darkness and long exposures to lower ozone concentrations were more injurious than brief exposures to higher ones. The first detectable effect was on the photosynthetic water-splitting enzyme systems, followed by inhibition of electron transport between the photosystems. The fluorescence assay provides a simple, rapid, nondestructive method for observing effects of ozone on plants.