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First published online May 20, 2005; 10.1104/pp.105.062778

Plant Physiology 138:790-802 (2005)
© 2005 American Society of Plant Biologists

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DEVELOPMENT AND HORMONE ACTION

Patterns of Protein Oxidation in Arabidopsis Seeds and during Germination1,[w]

Claudette Job, Loïc Rajjou, Yoann Lovigny, Maya Belghazi and Dominique Job*

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Bayer CropScience Joint Laboratory, Unité Mixte de Recherche 2847, Bayer CropScience, Lyon, France (C.J., L.R., Y.L., D.J.); and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 6175, Service de Spectrométrie de Masse pour la Protéomique, Nouzilly, France (M.B.)

Increased cellular levels of reactive oxygen species are known to occur during seed development and germination, but the consequences in terms of protein degradation are poorly characterized. In this work, protein carbonylation, which is an irreversible oxidation process leading to a loss of function of the modified proteins, has been analyzed by a proteomic approach during the first stages of Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) seed germination. In the dry mature seeds, the legumin-type globulins (12S cruciferins) were the major targets. However, the acidic {alpha}-cruciferin subunits were carbonylated to a much higher extent than the basic ({beta}) ones, consistent with a model in which the {beta}-subunits are buried within the cruciferin molecules and the {alpha}-subunits are more exposed to the outside. During imbibition, various carbonylated proteins accumulated. This oxidation damage was not evenly distributed among seed proteins and targeted specific proteins as glycolytic enzymes, mitochondrial ATP synthase, chloroplastic ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase large chain, aldose reductase, methionine synthase, translation factors, and several molecular chaperones. Although accumulation of carbonylated proteins is usually considered in the context of aging in a variety of model systems, this was clearly not the case for the Arabidopsis seeds since they germinated at a high rate and yielded vigorous plantlets. The results indicate that the observed specific changes in protein carbonylation patterns are probably required for counteracting and/or utilizing the production of reactive oxygen species caused by recovery of metabolic activity in the germinating seeds.

1 This work was supported in part by a grant from the French Ministry of Research (Action Concertée Intégrée "Biology of Development"). The Ph.D. thesis of L.R. is supported by Bayer CropScience and the French Ministry of Industry.

[w] The online version of this article contains Web-only data.

Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.105.062778.

* Corresponding author; e-mail dominique.job{at}bayercropscience.com; fax 33–4–72–85–22–97.

Received March 14, 2005; returned for revision April 12, 2005; accepted April 12, 2005.




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