First published online November 19, 2004; 10.1104/pp.104.051748
Plant Physiology 136:3933-3944 (2004)
© 2004 American Society of Plant Biologists
Plant-Specific Microtubule-Associated Protein SPIRAL2 Is Required for Anisotropic Growth in Arabidopsis1
Tsubasa Shoji,
Noriyuki N. Narita,
Kazunori Hayashi,
Junko Asada,
Takahiro Hamada,
Seiji Sonobe,
Keiji Nakajima and
Takashi Hashimoto*
Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Ikoma 630–0192, Japan (T.S., N.N.N., J.A., K.N., T. Hashimoto); and Department of Life Science, Faculty of Science, University of Hyogo, Harima Science Park City, Hyogo 678–1297, Japan (T. Hamada, S.S.)
In diffusely growing plant cells, cortical microtubules play an important role in regulating the direction of cell expansion. Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) spiral2 (spr2) mutant is defective in directional cell elongation and exhibits right-handed helical growth in longitudinally expanding organs such as root, hypocotyl, stem, petiole, and petal. The growth of spr2 roots is more sensitive to microtubule-interacting drugs than is wild-type root growth. The SPR2 gene encodes a plant-specific 94-kD protein containing HEAT-repeat motifs that are implicated in protein-protein interaction. When expressed constitutively, SPR2-green fluorescent protein fusion protein complemented the spr2 mutant phenotype and was localized to cortical microtubules as well as other mitotic microtubule arrays in transgenic plants. Recombinant SPR2 protein directly bound to taxol-stabilized microtubules in vitro. Furthermore, SPR2-specific antibody and mass spectrometry identified a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) SPR2 homolog in highly purified microtubule-associated protein fractions from tobacco BY-2 cell cultures. These results suggest that SPR2 is a novel microtubule-associated protein and is required for proper microtubule function involved in anisotropic growth.
1 This work was supported in part by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (grant nos. 15031219 to T.H. and 15770029 to T.S.), and by the Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant from the Japan Science Society (to T.S.).
Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.104.051748.
* Corresponding author; e-mail hasimoto{at}bs.naist.jp; fax 81–743–72–5529.
Received August 17, 2004;
returned for revision September 8, 2004;
accepted September 8, 2004.
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