Plant Physiol. Drug Metab Dispos
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Supply of Fatty Acid Is One Limiting Factor in the Accumulation of Triacylglycerol in Developing Embryos1

Xiaoming Bao and John Ohlrogge*

Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824

The metabolic factors that determine oil yield in seeds are still not well understood. To begin to examine the limits on triacylglycerol (TAG) production, developing Cuphea lanceolata, Ulmus carpinifolia, and Ulmus parvifolia embryos were incubated with factors whose availability might limit oil accumulation. The addition of glycerol or sucrose did not significantly influence the rate of TAG synthesis. However, the rate of 14C-TAG synthesis upon addition of 2.1 mM 14C-decanoic acid (10:0) was approximately four times higher than the in vivo rate of TAG accumulation in C. lanceolata and two times higher than the in vivo rate in U. carpinifolia and U. parvifolia. In C. lanceolata embryos, the highest rate of 14C-TAG synthesis (14.3 nmol h-1 embryo-1) was achieved with the addition of 3.6 mM decanoic acid. 14C-Decanoic acid was incorporated equally well in all three acyl positions of TAG. The results suggest that C. lanceolata, U. carpinifolia, and U. parvifolia embryos have sufficient acyltransferase activities and glycerol-3-phosphate levels to support rates of TAG synthesis in excess of those found in vivo. Consequently, the amount of TAG synthesized in these oilseeds may be in part determined by the amount of fatty acid produced in plastids.

1   This work was supported by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station and by a grant from the Department of Energy (no. DE-FG02-87ER12729).
*   Corresponding author; e-mail ohlrogge{at}pilot.msu.edu; fax 517-353-1926.

Plant Physiol. (1999) 120: 1057-1062
Copyright Clearance Center:   0032-0889/99/120//06
© 1999 American Society of Plant Physiologists




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