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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 4 1453-1460, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
cDNA Clones Encoding 1,3-[beta]-Glucanase and a Fimbrin-Like Cytoskeletal Protein Are Induced by Al Toxicity in Wheat Roots
R. Cruz-Ortega, J. C. Cushman and J. D. Ownby
Department of Botany (R.C.-O., J.D.O.), and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (J.C.C.), Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma 74078
A cDNA library made from mRNA of Al-treated roots of an Al-sensitive wheat
(Triticum aestivum cv Victory) cultivar was screened with a degenerate
oligonucleotide probe derived from the partial amino acid sequence of the
Al-induced protein TAI-18. Of seven clones that initially hybridized with
the probe, one encoded a novel 1,3-[beta]-glucanase having a calculated
molecular weight of 46.3 and an isoelectric point of 6.0. Like the A6
1,3-[beta]-glucanase gene products from Brassica napus and Arabidopsis
thaliana, the predicted wheat protein had a C-terminal extension with three
potential glycosylation sites. Northern analysis revealed that wheat
1,3-[beta]-glucanase mRNA was up-regulated in Al-intoxicated roots, with
highest expression after 12 h. The antibody to A6 1,3-[beta]-glucanase from
B. napus cross-reacted with a 56-kD protein that was induced after 24 h. A
second partial cDNA clone showed similarity to genes encoding cytoskeletal
fimbrin-like (actin-bundling) proteins. Although well studied in animals
and fungi, fimbrins have not previously been described in plants.
Fimbrin-like transcripts were up-regulated after 24 h of Al treatment in
the Al-sensitive wheat cv Victory. In the Al-tolerant cv Atlas 66,
fimbrin-like mRNA was up-regulated within 12 h by Al concentrations that
did not inhibit root growth. Cellular stress associated with Al toxicity
therefore causes up-regulation of a defense-related gene and a gene
involved in the maintenance of cytoskeletal function.
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