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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 114, Issue 3 1039-1046, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Effect of Chilling on Carbon Assimilation, Enzyme Activation, and Photosynthetic Electron Transport in the Absence of Photoinhibition in Maize Leaves
A. H. Kingston-Smith, J. Harbinson, J. Williams and C. H. Foyer
Department of Environmental Biology, Institute of Grassland and Environmental Research, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, Ceredigion SY23 3EB, United Kingdom (A.H.K.-S., J.W., C.H.F.)
The relationships between electron transport and photosynthetic carbon
metabolism were measured in maize (Zea mays L.) leaves following exposure
to suboptimal temperatures. The quantum efficiency for electron transport
in unchilled leaves was similar to that previously observed in C3 plants,
although maize has two types of chloroplasts, mesophyll and bundle sheath,
with PSII being largely absent from the latter. The index of noncyclic
electron transport was proportional to the CO2 assimilation rate. Chilled
leaves showed decreased rates of CO2 assimilation relative to unchilled
leaves, but the integral relationships between the quantum efficiency for
electron transport or the index of noncyclic electron transport and CO2
fixation were unchanged and there was no photoinhibition. The maximum
catalytic activities of the Benson-Calvin cycle enzymes,
fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase, were
decreased following chilling, but activation was unaffected. Measurements
of thiol-regulated enzymes, particularly NADP-malate dehydrogenase,
indicated that chilling induced changes in the stromal redox state so that
reducing equivalents were more plentiful. We conclude that chilling
produces a decrease in photosynthetic capacity without changing the
internal operational, regulatory or stoichiometric relationships between
photosynthetic electron transport and carbon assimilation. The enzymes of
carbon assimilation are particularly sensitive to chilling, but enhanced
activation may compensate for decreases in maximal catalytic activity.
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