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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 113, Issue 3 739-746, Copyright © 1997 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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BIOCHEMISTRY AND ENZYMOLOGY |
Sucrose-to-Starch Metabolism in Tomato Fruit Undergoing Transient Starch Accumulation
A. A. Schaffer and M. Petreikov
Department of Vegetable Crops, Agricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
Immature green tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) fruits undergo a period of
transient starch accumulation characterized by developmental changes in the
activities of key enzymes in the sucrose (Suc)-to-starch metabolic pathway.
Activities of Suc synthase, fructokinase, ADP-glucose (Glc)
pyrophosphorylase, and soluble and insoluble starch synthases decline
dramatically in parallel to the decrease in starch levels in the developing
fruit. Comparison of "maximal" in vitro activities of the enzymes in the
Suc-to-starch pathway suggests that these same enzymes are limiting to the
rate of starch accumulation. In contrast, activities of invertase, UDP-Glc
pyrophosphorylase, nucleoside diphosphate kinase, phosphoglucoisomerase,
and phosphoglucomutase do not exhibit dramatic decreases in activity and
appear to be in excess of starch accumulation rates. Starch accumulation is
spatially localized in the inner and radial pericarp and columella, whereas
the outer pericarp and seed locule contain little starch. The seed locule
is characterized by lower activities of Suc synthase, UDP-Glc
pyrophosphorylase, phosphoglucomutase, ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase, and
soluble and insoluble starch synthases. The outer pericarp exhibits
comparatively lower activities of ADP-Glc pyrophosphorylase and insoluble
starch synthase only. These data are discussed in terms of the
developmental and tissue-specific coordinated control of Suc-to-starch
metabolism.
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