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PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 110, Issue 1 321-328, Copyright © 1996 by American Society of Plant Biologists
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WHOLE PLANT, ENVIRONMENTAL, AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Photosynthesis in Salt-Adapted Heterotrophic Tobacco Cells and Regenerated Plants
R. D. Locy, C. C. Chang, B. L. Nielsen and N. K. Singh
Department of Botany and Microbiology, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849
Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cells growing heterotrophically in the light
on supplied sucrose (S0) have previously been adapted to grow in 428 mM
NaCl (S25). Among the changes occurring in salinity-adapted cell cultures
are (a) elevated levels of chlorophyll compared to unadapted cells; (b)
decreased levels of starch; (c) alterations in chloroplast ultrastructure,
including loss of starch grains, increased thylakoid membrane structure,
and the presence of plastoglobules; and (d) increased rates of O2
evolution, CO2 fixation, and photophosphorylation relative to S0 cells.
These latter changes apparently derive from the fact that thylakoid
membranes in S25 cells contain higher levels of photosystem I- and
II-associated proteins as well as thylakoid ATPase components. S25
chloroplasts contain immunologically detectable levels of
ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase, whereas S0 completely lack
the enzyme. These changes taken together suggest that even in the presence
of sucrose, S25 cells have acquired a significant degree of salt-tolerant
photosynthetic competence. This salt-tolerant photoysynthetic capability
manifests itself in plants backcrossed with normal plants for three
generations. These plants contain chloroplasts that demonstrate in vitro
more salt-tolerant CO2 fixation, O2 evolution, and photophosphorylation
than do backcross progeny of plants regenerated from S0 cultures.
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