|
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , Vol 104, Issue 4 1325-1332, Copyright © 1994 by American Society of Plant Biologists
|
ENVIRONMENTAL AND STRESS PHYSIOLOGY |
Hydroxymethyl-Phytochelatins [([gamma]-Glutamylcysteine)n-Serine] Are Metal-Induced Peptides of the Poaceae
S. Klapheck, W. Fliegner and I. Zimmer
Botanical Institute, University of Cologne, D-50923 Cologne, Germany
Exposure of several species of the family Poaceae to cadmium results in the
formation of metal-induced peptides of the general structure
([gamma]-Glu-Cys)n-Ser (n = 2-4). They are assumed to be formed from
hydroxymethyl-glutathione ([gamma]-Glu-Cys-Ser) and are termed
hydroxymethyl-phytochelatins (hm-PCs) in analogy to the homo-phytochelatins
[([gamma]-Glu-Cys)n-[beta]-Ala], discovered in legumes, and the
phytochelatins [PCs, ([gamma]-Glu-Cys)n-Gly] found in most other plants and
many fungi. The hm-PCs were isolated from the roots of cadmium-exposed rice
(Oryza sativa L. cv Strella), and their structure was confirmed by amino
acid analysis after total and enzymic hydrolysis and by tandem mass
spectrometry. The hm-PCs probably play a significant role in heavy metal
detoxication in rice.In addition to this new form of [gamma]-Glu-Cys
([gamma]EC) peptide, PCs and [gamma]EC peptides without C-terminal Ser or
Gly are found. All [gamma]EC peptides are synthesized without delay after
incubation of rice plants in 100 [mu]M CdCl2 in the roots as well as in the
shoots.Incubation times exceeding 24 h or higher concentrations of cadmium
result in a selective enrichment of [gamma]EC peptides with higher chain
length and an increased ratio of PCs to hm-PCs. [gamma]EC peptide synthesis
is accompanied by a decrease of the glutathione content and an increase of
the hydroxymethyl-glutathione content in roots and shoots of rice plants.
This article has been cited by other articles:
|
|
|
|
 
J. Ramos, L. Naya, M. Gay, J. Abian, and M. Becana
Functional Characterization of an Unusual Phytochelatin Synthase, LjPCS3, of Lotus japonicus
Plant Physiology,
September 1, 2008;
148(1):
536 - 545.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
C. Collin-Hansen, R. A. Andersen, and E. Steinnes
Molecular defense systems are expressed in the king bolete (Boletus edulis) growing near metal smelters.
Mycologia,
September 1, 2005;
97(5):
973 - 983.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
O. K. Vatamaniuk, S. Mari, A. Lang, S. Chalasani, L. O. Demkiv, and P. A. Rea
Phytochelatin Synthase, a Dipeptidyltransferase That Undergoes Multisite Acylation with {gamma}-Glutamylcysteine during Catalysis: STOICHIOMETRIC AND SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENIC ANALYSIS OF ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA PCS1-CATALYZED PHYTOCHELATIN SYNTHESIS
J. Biol. Chem.,
May 21, 2004;
279(21):
22449 - 22460.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
H. Schat, M. Llugany, R. Vooijs, J. Hartley-Whitaker, and P. M. Bleeker
The role of phytochelatins in constitutive and adaptive heavy metal tolerances in hyperaccumulator and non-hyperaccumulator metallophytes
J. Exp. Bot.,
December 1, 2002;
53(379):
2381 - 2392.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Oven, J. E. Page, M. H. Zenk, and T. M. Kutchan
Molecular Characterization of the Homo-phytochelatin Synthase of Soybean Glycine max. RELATION TO PHYTOCHELATIN SYNTHASE
J. Biol. Chem.,
February 8, 2002;
277(7):
4747 - 4754.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
M. Oven, K. Raith, R. H.H. Neubert, T. M. Kutchan, and M. H. Zenk
Homo-Phytochelatins Are Synthesized in Response to Cadmium in Azuki Beans
Plant Physiology,
July 1, 2001;
126(3):
1275 - 1280.
[Abstract]
[Full Text]
[PDF]
|
|
|
|
|
